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Stove. i No. 53,252.I Patented March 20, 1366,

e SL 3 f [I T; XYJWTQ mi! fd Wzl-messes l UNITED STATES' PA'rnNr @einen FREDERICK E. ADAM, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND STOV E.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 53,252, dated March 20, 1866; antedated March 9, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK E. ADAM, of the city and county of Baltimore, State of Maryland, have invented a new and Improved Stove; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this speciiication7 in which- Figure l is an elevation of my improved stove. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the stove, taken in a vertical plane through its center. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through the stove7 taken 'at the point indicated by red line x a', Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section through the stove, taken in the horizontal plane indicated by red line y y, Fig. l.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Thisinvention relates to a new and improved stove for burning either wood or coal, which is so constructed that highly-heated air is caused to mix with the highly-heated products of combustion in a chamber which is directly over the oven, for the purpose of increasing combustion and obtaining the greatest amount of heat from the least amount ot' fuel, as will be hereinafter described.

Another object of my invention is to coinbine a turning coal-grate with a wood-grate in such manner as to facilitate the removal of the cinders from the coaLgrate and the separation of the ashes, as will be hereinafter described.

Another object of my invention is to provide for introducing air through the furnacedoor and over the coal-grate and also beneath this grate simultaneously, and to combine with such provision a means for supplying the coalgrate with coal without opening the furnacedoor, as will be hereinafter described.

My invention has, finally, for its object so constructing a stove that` the damper which is used for regulating the passage of the products ot' combustion into the escape-nue will also serve as a means for regulating the passage of the heated air into the irechamber, and also as a deflector for directing the heated air backward or toward the furnace-chamber, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

The side walls at the top and base of the stove are contracted so as to reduce the size of the grate-surface and the topplate surface laterally, and to afford an enlarged tire-chainber extending the entire length of the stove. The iiue A, which extends from the front door, u, of the stove to the back wall. and thence upward behind the oven B to the smoke-pipe C, is intended for the admission of air into the fire-chamber D, and is separated from this chamber by a plate, Z), which is in a horizontal plane with the gra-te c, as shown in Fig. 2. The fire-chamber D occupies all that portion of the stove which is above thc horizontal plate b, except that portion which is reserved for the oven. The fire-pot E is located at the front end of the stove, and its side and back walls are made double, with a space between them for water, as shown at e e, Figs. 2 and 3. Between the rear transverse wall ot' this lirepot and the front wall of the oven B is a lluespace, j', which extends downward and is carried beneath the bottom plate of theoven,for the purpose of allowing the heated products of combustion to circulate beneath the oven, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2.

The smoke-flue C is provided with a damper, g, which is arranged within the vertical portion of the ue A and hinged to the rear end plate of the stove in such manner that this damper will serve te com pletel yor partiallycut off the com munication between the stove and the escape-line. Said damper also serves as a deeeting-plate for directing the air which passes through the iue A backward and upward, so that this air will mix with the heated products of combustion over the oven B. Another damper, g, is arranged in front of the damper g, for regulating the draft through the fire-chamber and for directing the heated products of combustion upward.

There are two openings above the wood-grate c, through the front door, a, for the admission of air into the tire-chamber. The upper opening, a', has a hood, a2, applied to it on the inside ofthe door a, for the purpose of conducting the inflowing air upward and over the repot and causing it to mix with the products of combustion as they rise into thc lire-chamber D. The lower open-ing, a3, admits air into the nre-pot. Beneath the gratec another opening through the door a is made for the purpose of admitting air into theflueA, as shown in Fig.2.

Vhen it is desired to use coal a semicircular grate, c, is introduced into the lire-pot and pivoted at i i, so that it may be shaken or tilted over. The rear edge. ot' this grate c has a lip formed on it, which rests upon the upper edge of the lire-back, as shown in Fig. 2. The opposite edge of the grate c is supported by a tran sverse. rod, c2, which, when withdrawn, allows the grate to be tilted over forward so as to empty its contents upon the lower grate, c. This latter grate thus serves as a means for separating the ashes from the cinders, which latter are raked out and the ashes allowed to fall into the ash-pan D2. 7h en wood is burned the grate c' is removed.

l supply coal to the coal-grate through an opening in the front plate ot' the stove, above the door c. This opening is closed by aldoor, h, which is provided with plates or wings 7L h', that form a chute when the door L is inclined, as indicated in red lilies, Fig. 2, and conduct the coal over the hood t2 into the grate c. By this arran gement the coalgrate can'be supplied with very little difficulty.

One of the most important features of my stove is the arrangement ofa number of plates, G G, along the side plates, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and et. These plates may be arranged at regular or irregular intervals apart, so that they will form cells along each side of the stove and within the fire-chamber D. The object of' these plates is to retain the heat by checking the circulation at the sides of the stove, yet allowing a direct passage of the heated gases through the center of the tire-chamber.

The main object ot' my invention being to economize fuel, l have so constructed the stove that it will admit large quantities of air Within it at such points that this air will be caused to support combustion and to supply oxygen to the tlame in the lire-chamber in such quantities as will give the best result.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The arrangement of a number of plates, G G, along each side of the stove and Within the fire-chamber D, so as to form a series of heat-retainin g cells, with a central passage through said chamber, substantially as described.

2. The air-tlueA, leading from the front door, e, beneath the grate c and oven B and back ot' this oven, in combination with the damper g and chamber D, substantially as described.

3. rlhe arrangement and combination of ue A, chamber D, tire-pot E, space f, and oven B with the dampers g gf, substantially as described.

4L. The combination of two grates, c o', with open-top tire-pot E, hooded air-passage a', and the hinged door h, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a tilting grate, c', which can be removed from the tire-pot E, with the wood-grate c, substantially as described.

6. Providing the door It with plates h' h', which are so applied that when this door is inclined inward it will serve as a chute for directing the coal into the grate, substantially as described.

FREDERICK E. ADAM. Witnesses:

JOSHUA Rnens'rnn, JAMES FLYNN. 

